1.鑄造制備：
1. casting preparation:
該工藝過程包括配料、熔煉、鑄造、均熱等主要工序，形成一定化學(xué)成分和外形尺寸的 鑄錠。 配制好的原材料，在煤氣爐或電爐中熔煉。
The process includes batching, melting, casting, homogenizing and other main processes, forming a certain chemical composition and the size of the ingot. The prepared raw material is smelted in a gas furnace or an electric furnace.
熔煉后的熔體經(jīng)過靜置爐、流槽、流盤、過濾器直到結(jié)晶器內(nèi)，再經(jīng)水冷，形成一定形狀的鑄錠。為保證鑄錠表面光潔， 采用磁力鑄造或熱頂鑄造法，進(jìn)行多模(多結(jié)晶器)鑄造。鑄錠均熱，是使鑄造狀態(tài)的金相組織均勻化，使主要的強(qiáng)化相溶解。均熱是在均熱爐內(nèi)進(jìn)行。均熱提高了 鑄錠的塑性，有利于提高擠壓速度，延長(zhǎng)擠壓模具的壽命，改善擠壓型材的表面質(zhì)量。
After the melt after static melting furnace, groove, flow plate, filter until the mold, and then by water, formed a certain shape of the ingot. In order to ensure the smooth surface of the ingot, the magnetic mold casting or hot top casting was used for multi mold (multi mould) casting. When the ingot is heated, the microstructure of the casting is homogenized and the main strengthening phase is dissolved. The heat is carried out in the soaking furnace. The uniformity of the ingot improves the plasticity of the ingot, improves the extrusion speed, prolongs the service life of the extrusion die, and improves the surface quality of the extrusion profile.
2.擠壓成型：
2. extrusion forming:
擠壓成型是在鑄錠加熱、擠壓、冷卻、張力矯直、鋸切等工序構(gòu)成的一條自動(dòng)生產(chǎn)線上進(jìn)行。生產(chǎn)線上的設(shè)備，包括感應(yīng)加熱爐、擠壓機(jī)、出爐臺(tái)、出料運(yùn)輸機(jī)、型 材提升移送裝置、冷床、張力矯直機(jī)、貯料臺(tái)、牽引機(jī)、鋸床等。鑄錠的加熱溫度一般控制在400℃~520℃，溫度過高或過低都將直接影響擠壓成型。
Extrusion forming is an automatic production line composed of ingot heating, extrusion, cooling, tension straightening, sawing and other processes. The production line equipment, including induction heating furnace, extrusion machine, conveyor, baked, lifting transfer device, cooling bed, bar tension straightening machine, material storage, traction machine, sawing machine etc.. The heating temperature of ingot is generally controlled at 400 ~520 C, and the temperature is too high or too low will directly affect the extrusion forming.

擠壓機(jī) 一般采用單動(dòng)油壓機(jī)，其噸位在1200噸~2500噸之間。擠壓機(jī)的擠壓筒直徑大小，隨擠壓機(jī)噸位大小變動(dòng)，擠壓機(jī)噸位大，擠壓筒直徑也大。擠壓筒直徑一 般在150mm~300mm范圍內(nèi)。擠壓工具工作溫度為360℃~460℃，擠壓速度20 m/min~80m/min。 擠壓工具主要包括模具。擠壓模具根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)分為平模、分瓣模、舌型模和分流組合模。生產(chǎn)鋁合金門窗型材多用平模和分流組合模。出料臺(tái)接收來自擠壓機(jī)擠出的型材，并把型材過渡到出料工作臺(tái)。 出料工作臺(tái)多是橫條運(yùn)輸機(jī)型，其橫條運(yùn)動(dòng)速度與擠壓速度同步。 冷床多為步進(jìn)梁式，下面安裝有相當(dāng)數(shù)量的風(fēng)機(jī)，保證型材均勻冷卻，使型材在矯直前溫度低于70 ℃。 張力矯直機(jī)帶有扭轉(zhuǎn)鉗口，可以邊扭轉(zhuǎn)校正邊拉伸矯直。 張力矯直機(jī)后是貯料臺(tái)，向鋸床工作臺(tái)提供型材，鋸床按定尺鋸斷型材。

Extrusion machines generally use single acting hydraulic press, and its tonnage is between 1200 tons and ~2500 tons. The diameter of the extrusion barrel of the extruder varies with the tonnage of the extruder, the tonnage of the extruder is large, and the diameter of the extrusion barrel is large. The diameter of the extrusion cylinder is generally within 150mm~300mm. The working temperature of the extrusion tool is 360 ~460 m/min~80m/min, and the extrusion speed is 20. Extrusion tools mainly include moulds. According to the structural characteristics, the extrusion die can be divided into flat die, split valve mould, tongue mould and porthole die. Multi purpose flat die and porthole die for production of aluminium alloy door and window profiles. The discharging platform receives the profile extruded from the extruder and transfers the profile to the discharging table. The discharge table is horizontal transport model, the horizontal velocity synchronization and extrusion speed. The cooling bed for walking beam, the fan is arranged below the amount, to ensure uniform cooling profile, the profile at a temperature below 70 DEG C before straightening. The tension straightener has a torsion jaw, which can be twisted and straightened at the right side. After the tension straightener is a material storage table, the profile is provided to the sawing machine worktable, and the sawing machine cuts the profile according to the fixed length.
3.熱處理：
3. heat treatment:
鋁合金型材采用的鋁鎂硅系鋁合金，是可強(qiáng)化的鋁合金。通過不同的淬火和時(shí)效制度，使型材得到應(yīng)有的力學(xué)性能。 鋁合金型材為RCS供應(yīng)狀態(tài)，即熱處理為高溫成型后快速冷卻及人工時(shí)效。
Al Mg Si series aluminum alloy used in aluminum alloy profile is an aluminum alloy which can be strengthened. The mechanical properties of the profiles are obtained by different quenching and aging systems. Aluminum alloy profile is RCS supply state, that is, heat treatment is rapid cooling and artificial aging after high temperature molding.
4.表面處理：
4. surface treatment:
鋁合金型材的表面處理，大多采用陽極氧化，使型材表面為銀白色。表面處理可增強(qiáng)型材外表美觀程度，并延長(zhǎng)鋁型材的使用壽命。 陽極氧化的工藝流程：裝料→脫脂→水洗→堿浸蝕→溫水洗→冷水洗→中和出光→水洗→陽極氧化→冷水洗 →溫水洗→封孔→干燥→卸料→成品檢查→包裝 鋁門窗型材陽極氧化后的氧化膜厚度不低于10μm。 鋁合金型材的表面處理，也可進(jìn)行著色處理。需其他顏色的鋁型材，可經(jīng)自然氧化著色法、電解著色法和浸漬著色法獲得。
The surface treatment of aluminum alloy profiles mostly adopts anodic oxidation to make the surface of the profiles silver white. The surface treatment can enhance the appearance of the profile and prolong the service life of the aluminum profile. The process of anodic oxidation: filling, degreasing, water washing, alkali erosion, warm water washing, cold water washing, neutralizing a light, washing, anodizing, cold water washing, warm water washing, drying, sealing, unloading, product inspection and packaging film thickness of aluminum doors and windows profiles after anodic oxidation of not less than 10 m. The surface treatment of aluminum alloy profiles can also be treated by coloring. Aluminum profiles with other colors can be obtained by natural oxidation, electrolytic coloring and immersion coloring.
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